Estimating the % purity of marble by back titration method Essay

The values for the % honesty of stain that I catch calculated double-dealing in a close range, all the identical at that place is a signifi undersidet difference, of 4.74% in the purity estimated between the 2 individual values. Nonetheless, the going away is indemnifyed by the irre source of 4.84%. barely, certain errors have occurred that have cause this deviation in the final results.REASONS FOR DEVIATIONrandom Errors1. Loss of stain after measure After weighing out the marble, there is a small loss in mass in transferring the mass from the butter write up utilise for weighing as a small quantity of the very well powdered marble sticks to the butter paper and does not react with the HCl at all. Also, sequence transferring the down in the mouth CaCO3 around particles could have withal been blown away by the wind. and then the diversity in the masses utilise could account for the different values obtained.2. HCl left(p) in the pipette being a manual instrum ent, there is no defined way of making sure that severally and every drop of the acid that was metric has been transferred to the conical flask, this reduces the great deal of acid used and such a change in any one of the reading result directly affect the value of the % purity.3. tenor bubbles in pipette dispenser For this experiment, due to the sulphurous nature of the c at one timentrated acid, a pipette dispenser was used to measure out the HCl. However there were some air bubbles that were detain that cause an error in the volume of HCl that is not accounted for by the absolute misgiving of the pipette.Systematic Errors1. Unevenly crushed marble The CaCO3 provided was not evenly crushed some was still in larger chunks art object the rest was finer granules. This non-uniformity in the grain of CaCO3 also creates a different get up area for the acid to react with and this put up be the cause of the differing values of purity.2. plain NaOH added in titration While ti trating the HCl and the HCl + CaCO3 solutions the usage of the phenolphthalein index number causes an error in the amount of theme added as the titration is only stopped once the colour changes to a pale pink, this foremost is a very qualitative and indwelling instruction and also the indicator on turning pink indicate a slight alkalinity. Hence, the actual neutralization capitulum was left behind 1-2 drops back.3. Unevenly distributed impurities CaCO3 is set naturally as marble in the earth. Thus, being a natural rock and roll the impurity that it pull up stakes contain will be randomly distributed and due to this unevenness, the purity will vary with every sample.IMPROVEMENTS TO observe AFOREMENTIONED ERRORS1. Keep fans and windows shut and cover CaCO3 while transporting By doing this one nookie minimize the loss of particles and thus step-down the uncertainty.2. Carefully using apparatus to avoid human errors By practice and heedful usage one can fall the errors cau sed by the air bubbles in the pipette, errors in transfer and parallax.3. Marble should be crushed evenly the CaCO3 should all be of the same texture so that the surface area is kept controlled and this will reduce the disparity in the purity values that have been caused by the differing surface areas.4. Using another(prenominal) indicator that prevents uncertainty in the involve point of neutralization If a solution like Universal Indicator is used then the exact point when the titration is round can be easily identify and thus by eradicating this error, one can aim to reduce the disparity discover in the readings.